To top up, to add value, used for e-payment Short pants worn for exercise by girls, usually in PE class in high school It usually has buttons down the front and a vest under it with a white collared shirt. Panty fetishism, especially with teenage girls wearing school outfits (" sailor suits") and bloomers.īlazer, or a Japanese school uniform that includes that garment. Swing the bat in baseball or, to project forward or propose competitively on business or others by two or more parties, like "butt heads" by animals.īedroom suburbs, bedroom community, dormitory suburb, commuter townīuilding (especially modern steel / concrete buildings)Ī steel canister for storing pressurized gas, such as a propane tank
#Human japanese vocabulary list upgrade#
Coupled with English or pseudo-English nouns that indicate what that something is e.g., version-up: upgrade (software), buy the next-better version or model of something, improve the appearance of something image-up: improve the image of, improve one's outward appearance "weight-up": to gain weight manner-up: improve one's manners, learn (proper/better) manners or etiquette power-up: an object that instantly benefits or adds extra abilities to a video game character base-up, level-up: take to the next or a higher (basic) level of quality also base-up (frequently abbreviated bea): to raise the base wage of the workersĪccessible facilities for handicapped personsĪ bus hijacking (possibly based on the English term "carjack")īutter, sometimes used on food packaging to refer to margarine (Steig)eisen (meaning 'climbing iron' or 'crampon' the literal meaning is 'increasing iron')Īnimation, animated cartoons/films (note: although anime has been reborrowed into English with a meaning of "Japanese animation", in Japanese the term refers generically to all animation)Īpartment ( US), flat ( UK), though apāto are usually in small two-story wood-structure buildings, not multistory complexes as in the American usage 1.1 Words not considered to be gairaigoĪs a complete list of foreign loan words in Japanese would fill a whole dictionary, this list focuses mainly on pseudo-borrowings and commonly-used loan words from languages other than English (which are often mistaken for English words in Japan).Ĭustomer service, user support, after care, service.Note: US = American English UK = British English See the list of Japanese terms mistaken for gairaigo for details of words or terms mistaken for foreign loan words. レフトオーバー ( refuto ōbā) from English left over as a baseball term meaning a hit that goes over the left-fielder's head, rather than uneaten food saved for a later meal or ファミコン ( famikon) from English family computer, which actually refers to the Nintendo Entertainment System). In fact, many such terms, despite their similarity to the original foreign words, are not easily understood by speakers of the originating languages (e.g. Many loan words are in fact pseudo-borrowings: despite their links to foreign language words, the word forms as used in modern Japanese are not used in the same way in their languages of origin. However, since the Japanese language has such strong historical ties to the Chinese language, these loans are not generally considered gairaigo.
Japanese vocabulary also includes large numbers of words from Chinese, borrowed at various points throughout history. Due to the large number of western concepts imported into Japanese culture during modern times, there are thousands of these English borrowings. However, most come from English, perhaps the dominant world language today. Many derive from Portuguese, due to Portugal's early role in Japanese-Western interaction from Dutch, due to the Netherlands' relationship with Japan amidst the policy of sakoku ( 鎖国) during the Edo period or from French and German, due to France and Germany's cultural and scientific prominence during Japan's modernization in the Meiji period. This is a selected list of gairaigo ( 外来語), Japanese words originating or based on foreign language (generally Western) terms, including wasei eigo ( 和製英語, Japanese pseudo-Anglicisms). Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup ( +) for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with. A user suggests that this Japanese project page be cleaned up, giving the reason: “Should probably be converted to a category.”
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